As the monsoon season hits Delhi, the city is witnessing a dramatic surge in dengue cases. With over 348 cases reported by August 2023, this is the highest number in six years, reflecting a significant public health challenge. For comparison, during the same period in 2022, only 174 cases were reported, and earlier years saw even fewer cases. The spike in infections, driven by heavy rainfall and stagnant water, has raised alarms among healthcare professionals and the general public alike.
Dengue, a mosquito-borne disease caused by the *Aedes* mosquito, has become a recurring menace in Delhi. The virus's Type 2 strain, considered more dangerous, is the dominant form spreading in the city this year, increasing the risk of severe cases and complications. Understanding why dengue is a growing problem in Delhi and how to mitigate its spread is crucial as the city battles this monsoon crisis.
The Growing Threat: Issues with Dengue in Delhi
Heavy rainfall during the monsoon season creates the perfect conditions for mosquito breeding. Stagnant water in coolers, flower pots, open containers, and construction sites serve as breeding grounds for *Aedes* mosquitoes. The *Aedes* mosquito primarily breeds in clean water, and given the unpredictable downpours and waterlogging across the city, it's no surprise that dengue cases have spiked.
This year's rise is particularly alarming due to the delayed monsoon departure, which has extended the breeding season of mosquitoes. While the dengue season typically starts in July and peaks by mid-August, this year has seen its onset shift to September, prolonging the transmission period.
The rise in dengue infections brings along severe health implications. Symptoms can range from high fever, rashes, and muscle pain to more serious complications like hemorrhagic fever, nosebleeds, and prolonged bleeding in infected women. In critical cases, dengue can cause liver damage, making it a more dangerous disease compared to malaria.
Prevention: Steps Citizens Must Take
One of the most effective ways to curb dengue is preventing mosquito breeding. The *Aedes* mosquito primarily breeds in stagnant, clean water. As such, it's essential to ensure that there is no stagnant water around homes, offices, and public spaces. Here are a few preventive measures residents can adopt:
- Regularly check and empty water containers: Coolers, flower pots, and open water tanks should be cleaned and emptied at least once a week.
- Use mosquito repellents and protective clothing: Especially during peak mosquito activity periods (early morning and evening).
- Install mosquito screens: Adding protective netting to windows and doors can help keep mosquitoes at bay indoors.
Additionally, raising awareness about the early symptoms of dengue—such as sudden fever, joint pain, and skin rashes—can ensure early diagnosis and treatment, reducing the risk of complications.
What the Authorities and MCD Are Doing:
The Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD) has been proactive in its efforts to control the dengue outbreak. With over 3,000 Domestic Breeding Checker (DBC) workers and 2,000 field staff, MCD is leading extensive mosquito control measures across the city. These teams conduct regular inspections of households and public spaces to check for mosquito breeding sites.
So far, more than 22 million house inspections have been carried out, with over 660,000 houses sprayed with insecticides. Special anti-larval drives have been initiated in high-risk areas like construction sites, drains, water bodies, hospitals, and schools. MCD also coordinates with key stakeholders, such as the Delhi Jal Board and Public Works Department, to prevent water stagnation in public spaces.
The MCD has set up a toll-free number (155305) and a mobile app (MCD311) for citizens to report mosquito breeding sites, allowing for a quicker response and community engagement in the fight against dengue.
Conclusion
Dengue is a growing public health concern in Delhi, especially during the monsoon season. The rise in cases this year highlights the need for both public awareness and active intervention from authorities. While the MCD is doing its part with inspections, fumigation, and awareness campaigns, the responsibility also lies with residents to prevent mosquito breeding and protect themselves from infection. Together, with coordinated efforts, the city can effectively curb the spread of dengue and ensure better health outcomes during the monsoon season.